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الاستحسان: حقيقته ومذاهب الأصوليين فيه


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الاستحسان اصطلاحاً : الأخذ بمصلحة جزئية في مقابلة دليل كلي ، ومقتضاه الرجوع إلى تقديم الاستدلال المرسل على القياس . اختلف مذاهب الأصوليين في هذا الموضوع فعده بعضهم حجة ، ورده البعض الآخر وشنع على القائلين به . فممن قال به : الإمام أبو حنيفة وأصحابه ، ونقل ابن الحاجب والآمدي عن الحنابلة القول به ، ونقل آخرون أنهم لا يقولون به ، والتحقيق : أنهم يقولون به ” جاء في روضة الناظر قال القاضي يعقوب : الاستحسان مذهب أحمد رحمه الله ، وهو أن يترك حكماً إلى حكم هو أولى منه ، وهذا مما لا ينكر ، وإن اختلف في تسميته ، فلا فائدة في الاختلاف في الاصطلاح مع الاتفاق في المعنى ، وثبت عن المالكية القول به في كثير من مسائلهم ، بل يعتبر المالكية والحنفية هما رأس القائلين به ، وأنكر القول بالاستحسان الشافعية وتصدي الإمام الشافعي للرد على القائلين به ، وممن أنكره أيضاً الشيعة ، وأحمد بن محمد الطحاوي من أصحاب أبي حنيفة . والاستحسان – عند القائلين – به أنواع :

1 – استحسان بالنص .

2 – استحسان بالإجماع .

3 – استحسان بالضرورة .

4 – استحسان بالمصلحة .

5 – استحسان بالعرف .

المصدر: مجلـــــــــــــة الشريعــــــــــة والدراســـــــــــات الإسلاميـــــــــــــة

الاستحسان-حقيقته-ومذاهب-الأصوليين-فيهتنزيل

موضوعات ذات صلة

  • العقود المستقبلية في اطار عقد السلم


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    بسم الله الرحمن الرحيمالعقود المستقبلية في اطار عقد السلمفتح الرحمن الحاج حامدمصرفي- بنك العمال الوطني – باحث دكتوراه…

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    من لم يبذل… يذبل في بركة التعليم ورسـوخ العلم


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    أ.د آلاء عادل العبيد  الحمد لله الذي جعل العلم حياة للقلوب، ونورًا للعقول، ورفعة في الدنيا والآخرة، وأشهد…